Twin Spica is a Japanese seinen manga series written and illustrated by Kou Yaginuma. The “realistic, slice-of-life science fiction series” tells the story of a group of Japanese high school students training to become astronauts in the early 21st century after the country’s first human spaceflight launch ends in a disaster that causes many civilian casualties. It was serialized in the seinen manga magazine Comic Flapper from September 2001 to August 2009 and was later published in 16 tankōbon volumes by Media Factory from January 2002 to October 2009. The series is named after Spica, a binary star system and the brightest star in the constellation Virgo. In the manga, Yaginuma includes many references to historical events related to the development of human spaceflight as well as literary works such as Kenji Miyazawa’s novel Night on the Galactic Railroad. American publishing company Vertical announced acquisition of the manga’s license for English-language translation at the New York Anime Festival in September 2009, and the translated first volume was published in May 2010. The series was described by Vertical marketing director Ed Chavez as “technically sound” and “heartfelt” during its initial assessment.